Genetic controls of Th17 cell differentiation and plasticity

Essentials of Th17 cell commitment and plasticity.

CD4(+) T helper (Th) cells exist in a variety of epigenetic states that determine their function, phenotype, and capacity for persistence. These polarization states include Th1, Th2, Th17, and Foxp3(+) T regulatory cells, as well as the more recently described T follicular helper, Th9, and Th22 cells. Th17 cells express the master transcriptional regulator retinoic acid-related orphan receptor ...

Sox5 and Th17 cell differentiation

Sox (SRY-related high-mobility-group (HMG)-box) transcription factors, which are comprised of 20 genes containing a conserved HMG DNA-binding domain, are divided into 8 groups (from A to H) according to structural homologies [reviewed in 1-2]. SoxC group, which is composed of Sox4, Sox11, and Sox12, has a HMG box domain and a transactivation domain and plays important roles in the development o...

Estradiol Inhibits Th17 Cell Differentiation

Th17 cytokine differentiation and loss of plasticity after SOCS1 inactivation in a cutaneous T-cell lymphoma

We propose that deregulated T-helper-cell (Th) signaling underlies evolving Th17 cytokine expression seen during progression of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL). Accordingly, we developed a lymphoma progression model comprising cell lines established at indolent (MAC-1) and aggressive (MAC-2A) CTCL stages. We discovered activating JAK3 (V722I) mutations present at indolent disease, reinforced i...

Transcriptional regulatory networks in Th17 cell differentiation.

Upon encountering antigen in the context of antigen presenting cells, naïve CD4(+) T cells undergo differentiation into effector T helper (Th) cells, which can secrete high levels of cytokines and other immunomodulators to mediate host defense and tissue inflammation. During the past three years, the immunology field has witnessed an explosion of research advances in the biology of Th17 cells, ...